Could Stem Cells Help Corona virus Disease COVID-19 Patients?

Patients who were dealt with while in a serious condition have been released after recuperation.

Stem cells can self-renew or multiply while maintaining the potential to become other sorts of cells. They can become cells of the blood, heart, lungs or other body parts. Stem cells even have a strong function, advancing the formation of the newest blood vessels, cell proliferation, and differentiation and inhibiting inflammatory response, experts say.

Stem cell therapy has been utilized in the treatment of some infectious diseases and complications. For instance, it's been tried in treating H7N9 avian flu and showed good results.

Human and animal studies have shown that after infection with coronavirus, the rapid replication of the virus in the body and the subsequent inflammatory response cause damage to alveolar epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells, causing diffuse interstitial and alveolar edema, and pulmonary function. Impaired, leading to acute hypoxic respiratory insufficiency. The National Health and Medical Commission recently released the "New Coronavirus Infected Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Version 5)", which acknowledged that the new sort of coronavirus severe pneumonia usually has difficulty breathing after one week, and the severe cases quickly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, Septic shock and metabolic acidosis that is difficult to correct. It can be seen that the key to the treatment of new coronavirus severe pneumonia is to inhibit the super-inflammatory immune the response caused by the virus, thereby reducing the damage of alveolar epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells, then repairing the structure and the performance of lung tissue.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most deliberate and influential adult stem cells. A large amount of evidence shows that MSCs can migrate to and return to damaged tissues, exert strong anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory functions, promote the regeneration and repair of harmed tissues, oppose apoptosis and hinder tissue fibrosis, and sink tissue harm. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that the calming impacts of MSCs can essentially lessen infection prompted lung injury and mortality in mice. Studies have shown that MSCs can significantly reduce acute lung injury in mice caused by H9N2 and H5N1 viruses by reducing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine’s and reducing the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the lungs. Compared with MSCs from other sources, human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (umbilical cord MSCs, UC-MSCs) have been widely used because of their convenient collection, no ethical controversy, low immunogenicity, fast self-renewal and strong proliferation ability Research on the treatment of various diseases. Early research in this laboratory used UC-MSCs to intervene in endotoxin (LPS) -induced acute lung injury in mice, and confirmed that UC-MSCs can significantly reduce inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue, reduce inflammation in lung tissue, and significantly improve lung The structure and the function of tissues protect mouse lung tissue from endotoxin-induced damage.

The purpose of this study is to research the efficiency and safety of UC-MSCs in treating severe pneumonia patients infected with 2019-nCoV. This trial will recruit 48 patients. 24 patients received i.v. transfusion one round (4 times) of 5.0*10E6 cells/kg of UC-MSCs because the treated group, all of them received the traditional treatment. In addition, the equal 24 patients received conventional treatment was used as the control group. The respiratory function, pulmonary inflammation, clinical symptoms, pulmonary imaging, side effects, 28-days mortality, immunological characteristics are going to be evaluated during the 90 days to 96 weeks follow up.

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